This research develops an IoT‑enabled system by embedding temperature sensors within concrete for real‑time tracking of internal temperature‑time history, then using established maturity models (based on equivalent age and Arrhenius equation) to predict early‑age compressive strength. The sensor network uses long‑range wide‑area network (LoRa) communications and a cloud platform for data storage and visualization. The study tests three concrete mixes with water/cement ratios ranging 0.4–0.53, retrieves internal temperature data hourly, calibrates strength‑age relationships, and then demonstrates predictive accuracy (ratios of predicted to actual strength ranged ~0.93 to 1.08) at ages 1, 3, 7, 14 days.
The authors highlight that conventional maturity meters are manual, limited in spatial reach, and cannot provide real‑time continuous data. The IoT system allows remote access, automates data collection and strength prediction, and supports decision‑making such as when to remove formwork or apply prestress. They conclude that the system may reduce delays in construction and enhance safety and quality.
In contrast to Concurex, which provides electrical resistance measurement directly correlated to hydration and strength development, the IoT-based system in this study focuses primarily on temperature data to predict concrete maturity and strength. While temperature-based models can offer valuable insights, they may lack the accuracy and precision of systems like Concurex that integrate multiple real-time data points (such as hydration and resistance), providing a more comprehensive understanding of strength development. Moreover, the temperature-based IoT system may require recalibration under varying environmental conditions, whereas Concurex is designed to work reliably across all curing environments (temperature, humidity, and pressure). Additionally, while the IoT system allows for remote monitoring and automated decision-making, Concurex stands out by generating a full-strength growth curve and offering specific guidance on when to perform critical steps like removing formwork or applying loads.
Miller D., Ho N.–M., Talebian N., Javanbakht Z. “Real‑time monitoring of early‑age compressive strength of concrete using an IoT‑enabled monitoring system: an investigative study.” *Innovative Infrastructure Solutions*, Vol. 8, Article 75 (2023).
(https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41062-023-01043-7)
